Retrogrades

A planet is retrograde when it appears to move backwards against the stars. These are the exact dates, found from its motion, not from a table.

Eclipses

Other years

How these dates are found

The planet’s ecliptic longitude is computed for every day (astronomy-engine, VSOP87), a station is the moment its daily motion changes sign, and that moment is found to the minute by bisection. Dates are UTC; a station near midnight can be the day before or after in your time zone.